Bijli jaye to control shed chand minute mein khatarnak ho sakta hai, aur garam din mein open shed ek ghante mein. Is ka jawab qismat nahi, plan hai: pata ho ke pehle kya rukta hai, aisa generator ho jo khud chale aur asal load utha sake, usay har hafte test karein, aur har worker ko pata ho ke pehle paanch minute mein kya karna hai. Ye post garmi aur sardi dono ke liye yahi sab batati hai.
Pehle kya rukta hai
| Kya rukta hai | Control shed | Open shed |
|---|---|---|
| Exhaust pankhe | Hawa ruk jati hai, garmi aur gas tezi se jama | Parde khule hon to kam masla |
| Cooling pad ke pump | Pad sookh jate hain, thandak khatam | Zyada tar open shed mein nahi hote |
| Pani ki motor | Lines ghanton mein khaali, garmi mein aur jaldi | Wahi |
| Controller aur alarm | Battery backup na ho to koi khabar nahi | Aam tor par hota hi nahi |
| Lights | Andhere mein parinde ek doosre par charhte hain | Raat ko yahi |
| Bijli wale spark ya blower wale gas heater | Sardi mein garmi band | Wahi, agar lage hon |
Band shed mein pehla masla hawa hai. University of Tennessee extension ke mutabiq poori tarah band control shed mein garam mausam mein bijli jane se 15 minute se kam mein tabah kun nuqsan ho sakta hai. Bechne ke wazan ke qareeb bhaari parinde bohat jismani garmi chhorte hain, aur pankhon ke baghair ye garmi kahin nahi jati.
Control shed pankhon par itna munhasir kyun hai, ye control aur open shed mein ventilation mein parhein.
Garmi: sab se khatarnak waqt
May se August, jab bahar 40 se 45 degree ho, generator backup nahi rehta. Ye shed ki saans hai.
Pehle paanch minute mein
- Dekhein ke generator chal gaya aur pankhe chal rahe hain. Nahi to haath se start karein.
- Agar control shed mein generator na chale to foran har darwaza aur side parda kholein, chahe shed band rehne ke liye bana ho. Thori hawa bilkul na hone se behtar hai.
- Agar shed mushkil mein ho to sab se garam ghanton mein daana rok dein, daana hazam karne se jism mein aur garmi banti hai.
- Shed mein chalein. Deewaron ya konon mein ek doosre par charhe parindon ko aaram se hatayein.
- Yaqeeni banayein ke har line ke aakhri sire tak pani ja raha hai.
Garmi shuru hone se pehle
- Generator ki service: tail, filter, battery, coolant, belt.
- Diesel ki tanki bharein aur reserve rakhein. Aadhi ho to bharwayein, khaali hone ka intezar na karein.
- Dekhein ke upar wali tanki mein garmi ke kai ghanton ka pani ho, taa ke bijli jane ka matlab pani band na ho. Umar ke hisaab se pani pani ka mayaar mein dekhein.
- Heat stress plan parhein aur staff se tay karein ke garam dopahar mein kaun kya karega.
Sardi: kam shor, magar khatra baqi
December January ki dhund mein bijli lambi jati hai aur raatein thandi hoti hain. Khatre badal jate hain:
- Pankhe ruk jate hain magar gas heater jalte rehte hain. Band shed mein carbon dioxide aur nami jama hoti hai, aur heater theek na jalein to carbon monoxide bhi. Hawa ki thori jagah khuli rakhein.
- Bijli wale spark ya blower ke heater ruk jate hain aur chooze jaldi thande hote hain. Brooding ke liye baghair bijli ki garmi ka mutabadil rakhein.
- Pani ki motor ruk jati hai. Bijli jane ke aam waqt se pehle tankiyan poori bhar lein.
- Lights bujhti hain aur chote chooze ikatthe ho jate hain. Choti battery light unhein phaila rehne mein madad deti hai.
Generator ka intekhab aur size
Har farm ke liye ek size nahi. Generator ko woh sab uthana hai jo bijli jane par ek saath chalna zaroori hai.
Load jama karein
Har woh machine likhein jo chalni zaroori hai:
- Exhaust pankhe (garmiyon ki poori setting par kitne)
- Cooling pad ke pump
- Pani ki motor
- Controller, alarm, lights
- Feeder motor, agar automatic ho
Har ek ki name plate se chalne wali power likhein. University of Kentucky extension ne American broiler sheds mein zyada se zyada load taqreeban 10 se 15 kilowatt fi shed naapa, aap ka shed chota ya bara ho sakta hai, is liye apni list istemal karein.
Starting current ka hisaab
Bijli ki motor start hote waqt lamhe bhar ke liye aam se kai guna current leti hai. Agar sab pankhe ek saath chalein to chalne wale load ke liye kaafi generator bhi baith sakta hai. Do hal:
- Chalne wale load se kaafi zyada gunjaish wala generator lein. Mahir electrician ye hisaab kar sakta hai.
- Pankhe chand second ke waqfe se ek ek kar ke chalayein. Bohat se controller ye kar sakte hain.
Automatic system is ke qabil hai
Automatic transfer switch (ATS) din ho ya raat, kisi worker ka intezar kiye baghair ek minute ke andar generator chala kar shed ko us par le aata hai. Control shed ke liye ye behtareen kharchon mein se ek hai. Controller aur alarm ke liye battery ya UPS rakhein taa ke switch hote waqt bhi kaam karein.
Har hafte test karein
Mississippi State University extension ke mutabiq har saal generator ki aisi kharabiyon se parinde marte hain jo roki ja sakti thin: diesel khatam, battery dead, kamzor self ya band filter. Un ka mashwara:
- Hafte mein ek baar 30 se 60 minute generator chalayein, shed ka load daal kar, khaali nahi.
- Start hote sunein. Aahista ya jhatke wala start pehli warning hai.
- Diesel check karein aur aadhi tanki par bharwayein.
- Battery purani hone se kaafi pehle badlein, marne ka intezar na karein.
- Saal mein kam az kam ek baar tail badlein, zyada ghante chale to aur jaldi.
- Faltu fuel filter aur mistri ka phone number deewar par rakhein.
Solar aur batteriyan
Pakistan mein zyada farm din ke load ke liye solar panel aur controller aur lights ke liye batteriyan laga rahe hain. Solar diesel ka kharcha kam kar sakta hai, magar garmiyon ke control shed mein ye kam hi generator ki jagah leta hai: raat ki load shedding aur saawan ke baadal wale dinon mein backup phir bhi chahiye. Khareedne se pehle installer se apne pankhon ke asal load par baat karein.
Kharche ka hisaab
Load shedding ka diesel flock ka asal kharcha hai. Daily log mein generator ke ghante aur khareeda hua diesel likhein. Poultry Curve mein aap daane aur maut ke saath generator ke ghante note kar sakte hain aur diesel kharchon mein daal sakte hain, taa ke flock ka munafa asal tasveer dikhaye. Aakhir mein profit calculator se dekhein ke bijli ki bandish ne kitna kharcha karwaya.