Coccidiosis (cocci) aanton ki bimari hai jo bohat chote jaraseem (Eimeria) se hoti hai. Har broiler shed mein yeh kuch na kuch hote hain, magar geela litter thori si tadaad ko bare hamlay mein badal deta hai. Litter khushk aur bhurbhura rakhein, yeh jaanein ke daana ya vaccine pehle se choozon ko kya hifazat de rahi hai, aur khooni beet ya par phula kar ikathi baithi murghiyan dekhte hi doctor ko bulayen.
Shed mein cocci kaise phelti hai
Bimar murghi apni beet mein lakhon nanhe ande nikalti hai jinhein oocyst kehte hain. Taaza oocyst abhi murghi ko bimar nahi kar sakta. Pehle usay litter mein "pakna" hota hai, aur iske liye garmi, hawa aur nami chahiye. Garam geele litter mein yeh aam tor par ek do din leta hai.
Murghi litter par chonch maarti hai, pake hue oocyst nigalti hai, aur jaraseem aant ki deewar mein barh kar usay nuqsan dete hain. Phir murghi nigle hue se kahin zyada oocyst nikalti hai. Har chakkar pichle se bara hota hai, is liye geela shed ek do hafte mein baghair nishani se bare hamlay tak pohanch sakta hai.
Yaad rakhne ki baatein:
- Oocyst litter aur gard mein mahinon zinda rehte hain, is liye safai kamzor ho to ek flock se agle mein chale jate hain.
- Cocci ki kai qismen hain. Ek qism se immunity doosri se nahi bachati.
- Broiler mein zyada tar masla taqreeban 3 se 6 hafte ki umar mein aata hai.
Asal masla geela litter hai
Khushk bhurbhura litter oocyst ka pakna sust karta hai, geela jama hua litter tez. Geela litter ammonia, seenay ke chhaale, panjon ke zakham aur gandi murghi bhi lata hai, is liye isay theek karne ka kai guna faida hai.
Pakistani farmon par geele litter ki aam wajah:
- Sardi: garmi bachane ke liye parde poori tarah band, taaza hawa bohat kam, chhat par bhaap jam kar tapakna, dhund ke dinon mein geeli hawa ka andar aana.
- Drinker: nipple ka risna, pani ka pressure zyada, drinker bohat neeche ke murghi pani uchhale, bell drinker ka chhalakna.
- Garmi aur saawan: fogger ya pad bohat der chalna, pani ki zyada khapat, khuli side se baarish andar aana.
- Zyada murghi: fi square foot itni beet jo litter jazb na kar sake.
- Pait ke masle: kisi bhi wajah se patli beet, khud cocci bhi, litter geela karti hai jo cocci aur barhata hai.
Cocci ki nishaniyan
Har hamlay mein khoon nazar nahi aata. Dekhein:
- Beet: khooni, ya orange, lesdar aur patli.
- Murghi: sust, ikathi baithi, par phoole, kalghi peeli, sar andar ko.
- Khana: daana aur pani kam.
- Growth: flock barabar nahi, wazan nahi barh raha, FCR kharab.
- Maut: barhti hui, sakht hamlay mein tezi se.
Ek chupi hui qism bhi hai jis mein koi wazeh nishani nahi, bas kamzor growth aur kharab FCR. Cocci se aant ko jo nuqsan hota hai woh necrotic enteritis jaisi doosri bimariyon ka rasta bhi kholta hai.
Bachao: farsh khushk aur plan wazeh
Roz khushk litter
- Acha aaghaz: khushk farsh par 2 se 3 inch taaza khushk litter. Material aur palatne ke liye litter management parhein.
- Drinker: roz har nipple line risao ke liye check karein. Murghi bari ho to drinker ki unchai uski peeth ya aankh ke barabar karein. Pani ka pressure aisa rakhein ke line ke neeche farsh khushk rahe.
- Sardiyon mein bhi taaza hawa: nami bahar nikalne ke liye roz kuch hawa zaroori hai. Shed poori tarah band karne se geela litter aur ammonia milte hain. Dekhein control shed aur open shed mein hawa ka intezam.
- Geeli jagahen nikalein: drinker ke neeche ka jama geela litter nikal kar khushk dalein. Baqi ko palatte rahein taake bhurbhura rahe.
- Sahi tadaad: khaas kar sardi aur saawan mein murghi zyada na dalein.
- Fogger aur pad: litter nam hone lage to kam kar dein.
Jaanein ke choozon ko kya hifazat hai
Zyada tar broiler choozon ko do mein se ek tareeqe se hifazat milti hai:
- Daane mein cocci ki dawai jo feed mill dalti hai. Apne feed wale se poochein ke starter aur grower mein kya hai.
- Hatchery mein cocci vaccine. Vaccine wale chooze litter se thora thora samna kar ke aahista aahista immunity banate hain. Cocci ki dawai wala daana vaccine ko kaam karne se rok sakta hai, is liye dono ka plan sath banta hai.
Doctor ke mashwaray ke baghair upar se doosri cocci ki dawai na dalein. Kuch dawaiyon ke baad bechne se pehle kuch din intezar zaroori hota hai, jo bechne ke din ke qareeb zaroori hai.
Flockon ke beech safai
Purana litter poora nikalein, khushk safai, dhulai, disinfection, aur agle choozon se pehle shed poori tarah sookhne dein. Chooze dalte waqt geela shed agle flock ko bhari bojh ke sath shuru karwata hai. Sardiyon mein nami qaid kiye baghair shed tayyar karne ke liye hamari sardiyon ki brooding checklist dekhein.
Doctor ko kab bulayen
In mein se kuch bhi dekhein to doctor ko bulayen:
- Chand se zyada murghiyon mein khooni ya orange lesdar beet.
- Baghair kisi wazeh wajah ke lagataar do din maut barhna.
- Hafta 3 se 6 ke aas paas daane ki khapat achanak kam hona.
- Achay daane ke bawajood na barabar aur kam barhne wala flock.
Doctor tay karega ke ilaj chahiye ya nahi, kaun si dawai, kitne din aur bechne se pehle kitna intezar. Us par poora amal karein. Sath hi geela litter theek karein, warna ilaj khatam hote hi masla wapis aa jayega.
Nuqsan ka hisaab
Halki cocci bhi hisaab mein nazar aati hai: fi kg wazan zyada daana aur bechte waqt halka na barabar flock. Apna daana aur wazan FCR calculator mein dalein aur achay flock se muqabla karein ke kitna nuqsan hua.
Poultry Curve mein roz chote note likhna, jaise "line 3 ke neeche litter geela" ya "beet orange", doctor ko dikhata hai ke masla kab shuru hua. Helper roz litter aur drinker check karne ki yaad bhi dila sakta hai.